Guitars typically feature six strings of varying thickness. The thickness of a string is related to its pitch. If two strings are the same length, the thicker string will have a lower pitch than the thinner string.
The tension of a string is also related to its pitch. Guitar strings are tuned (tightened and loosened) using their tuning keys. Applying too much tension to a string tightly can raise it to the pitch of the next note, while loosening it can easily lower it the same amount. Increasing the tension raises the pitch.
The length of a string is also important. When a string is supported at two points and plucked, it vibrates and produces sound. However, if the length of this string is shortened, its pitch will increase.
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When a guitar string is not being pressed, it is supported at two points: the nut below the head and the saddle on the bridge. These parts are extremely important, as the tension of the string rests on them.
When a string is held down it makes contact with a fret on the fingerboard, and the fret now acts as the support point instead of the nut. The two points supporting the string are now the fret and saddle, so the vibrating part of the string is shorter, causing its pitch to increase. Note that if position 12 (between frets 11 and 12) is held down, the string is now half of its total length and its pitch is raised one octave. For string 6, this means that the pitch will change from low E to high E. If position 7 is pressed the string will be shortened to 2/3rds of its total length and the pitch will increase from low E to B. At position 5 the string will become 3/4ths of its total length and its pitch will increase from low E to A.Guitar string names are important; if you want to tune your guitar (or learn guitar at all) you’re going to need to know the names of the strings.
This is pretty straightforward, but there are a couple of things that can catch you out (and also that can make life easier) so be sure to read this guide to the end.
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Weirdly, the thinnest string (the 1st string) is described as being at the ‘top’ of the guitar. When you’re sat with the guitar across your body it will actually be at the bottom!
Conversely, the thickest string (the 6th string) is correctly described as being the ‘bottom string’ even though it’s the topmost string when you’re sat strumming!
The best way to think of ‘top’ and ‘bottom’, in guitar terms, is based on the pitch of the notes rather than the strings’ physical position.
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We describe a string as being ‘open’ when you’re not pressing on it. So it you pluck any of the strings without pressing down on any of the frets you are playing an ‘open string’.
(Weirdly, we don’t call them ‘closed’ strings when you do the opposite. The guitar world, like any other hobby niche, has plenty of idiosyncrasies like this. I don’t know why it’s this way, it just is!)
To learn a lot more about the notes of the fretboard and the musical alphabet read this article of ours: Guitar Notes Explained: A Guide For Beginners
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It’s very important you don’t bite off more than you can chew as a beginner. Learn the open guitar string names, but don’t worry about memorising the full neck.
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Ok, so the standard guitar string names are E, A, D, G, B, E. (But are there any other ways we can tune a guitar?)
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Yes, lots. The guitar string names we’ve covered here are in standard tuning, but there are around a dozen different tunings that are used in different genres.
For example, metal music uses ‘Drop D’ and ‘Drop C’ tunings and folk genres favour DADGAD tunings. You can also tune the guitar down a whole-step (or a half step) to make it easier to sing.
So there are other ways to a tune a guitar that alter the standard guitar string names, but it’s best to avoid alternate tunings while you’re a beginner.
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Stick with standard tuning for at least the first 6 months of your guitar journey. If you switch to an exotic alternate guitar tuning, the chord shapes all change. That’s not much fun for a beginner. Let’s keep things nice and simple! 🙂
Once you’ve learned the guitar string names you need to get stuck in and play some chords. You have to press quite hard on the strings for the notes to ring clearly. To begin with, you’ll get dents in your finger tips and it may hurt a little.
This is normal, so don’t worry. The skin on your fingertips will toughen after a couple of months and it will stop hurting.
How To Choose Guitar Strings: The Basics
Absolutely not and this is a key point. If you’re a total beginner you can make life a lot easier for yourself by changing the strings on your guitar…
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