The Solution below shows the B half-diminished 7th chord in root position, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd inversions, on the piano, treble clef and bass clef.
The Lesson steps then explain how to construct this 7th chord using the 3rd, 5th and 7th note intervals, then finally how to construct the inverted chord variations.
The staff diagrams and audio files contain each note individually, ascending from the root, followed by the chord containing all 3 notes.
What Is A Half Diminished 7th Chord?
This step shows the white and black note names on a piano keyboard so that the note names are familiar for later steps, and to show that the note names start repeating themselves after 12 notes.
The white keys are named using the alphabetic letters A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, which is a pattern that repeats up the piano keyboard.
Every white or black key could have a flat(b) or sharp(#) accidental name, depending on how that note is used. In a later step, if sharp or flat notes are used, the exact accidental names will be chosen.
What Is The Difference Between Half Diminished And Fully Diminished Chords In Music?
The audio files below play every note shown on the piano above, so middle C (marked with an orange line at the bottom) is the 2nd note heard.
This step shows 1 octave of notes starting from note B, to identify the start and end notes of the scale used to build this chord.
Note 1 is the root note - the starting note of the chord - B, and note 13 is the same note name but one octave higher.
Bm7b5 Add(6) Guitar Chord
To count up a Half-tone (semitone), count up from the last note up by one physical piano key, either white or black.
This step identifies the note interval numbers of each scale note, which are used to calculate the chord note names in a later step.
To identify the note interval numbers for this major scale, just assign each note position from the previous step, with numbers ascending from 1 to 8.
B Diminished 7th Guitar Chord
To understand why the note names of this major scale have these specific sharp and flat names, have a look at the B major scale page.
Both the note interval numbers and note names from the piano diagram above will be used in later steps to calculate the chord note names.
All of these 7th chord qualities are based on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th notes of the major scale piano diagram above.
Intermediate Guitar Lessons By Brian Turner
It is these variations of the 3rd, 5th and 7th notes that give each one a distinctive sound for any given key (eg. C-flat, E etc).
In fact, these 7th chords are based on triad chords - the first 3 notes of any 7th chord are identical to a specific triad chord quality, with one extra note added to make it a 7th chord.
Of the above qualities, Suspended triad chords do not use the 3rd note of the major scale (at all) to build the chord.
Diminished Scales On Guitar
, ie. removed completely, and replaced by either the 2nd note of the major scale - a suspended 2nd, or more commonly by the 4th note of the major scale - a suspended 4th.
Musically, this is interesting, since it is usually the 3rd note of the scale that defines the overall character of the chord as being
This step defines the note intervals for each chord quality, including the intervals for the B half-diminished 7th 7th chord. It also shows how the 7th chord qualities are related to the triad chord qualities they are based on.
Half Diminished Guitar Chords With Diagrams
Each individual note in a 7th chord can be represented in music theory using a note interval, which is used to express the relationship between the first note of the chord (the root note), and the note in question.
The root note is always the 1st note (note interval 1 in the above diagram) of the major scale diagram above. ie. the tonic of the major scale.
Then there is one note interval to describe the 2nd note, and another to describe the 3rd note of the chord, and finally another interval for the 4th chord note.
A Lesson On The Application Of The Half Diminished Seventh Chord
Below is a table showing the note interval qualities for all 7th chords, together with the interval short names / abbrevations in brackets.
The final column shows the triad chord quality that the 7th chord is based on, so the 2nd and 3rd note quality columns are the same as the triad table for the same key.
Looking at the table above, the note intervals for the chord quality we are interested in (half-diminished 7th), in the key of B are B-min-3rd, B-dim-5th, and B-min-7th.
The Diminished Scale
The links above explain in detail the meaning of these qualities, the short abbrevations in brackets, and how to calculate the interval note names based on the scale note names from the previous step.
But crucially, for all interval qualities, the starting point from which accidentals need to be added or removed are the major scale note names in step 4.
For this chord, this is explained in detail in B-min-3rd, B-dim-5th and B-min-7th, but the relevant adjustments for this half-diminished 7th chord quality are shown below:
B Half Diminished
B-3rd: The 3rd note quality of the major scale is major, and the note interval quality needed is minor, so the 3rd note scale note name - D#, is adjusted 1 half-note / semitone down to D. The chord note spelling reflects this note flattening: b3.
B-5th: The 5th note quality of the major scale is perfect, and the note interval quality needed is diminished, so the 5th note scale note name - F#, is adjusted 1 half-note / semitone down to F. The chord note spelling reflects this note flattening: b5.
B-7th: The 7th note quality of the major scale is major, and the note interval quality needed is minor, so the 7th note scale note name - A#, is adjusted 1 half-tone / semitone down to A. The chord note spelling reflects this note flattening: b7.
B Half Whole Diminished Scale, Piano Keys And Guitar Tab
If it is still not clear why the interval qualities are organised / related as they are, please refer to each of the interval links above.
The note order of this chord can also be changed, so that the root is no longer the lowest note, in which case the chord is no longer in
Notation for a 7th chord in root position is 7/5/3, with the 7 placed above the 5, and the 5 above the 3.
Diminished Triad, Half Diminished & Other Dim Chords
For example, the 7 represents note A, from the B-7th interval, since the chord root, B, is the lowest note of the chord (as it is not inverted). .
In the same way, the figured bass 5 symbol represents note F, from the B-5th interval, and the 3 symbol represents note D, from the B-3rd interval
, we don't need to indicate in the figured bass symbols whether eg. the 3rd is a major, minor etc. The key is assumed from the key signature.
Half Diminished Seventh Chord
Often, for a 7th chord in root position, only the 7 symbol is shown, since it is assumed that the chord is shown in root position (ie not inverted), unless otherwise indicated as shown below.
To invert a chord, simply take the first note of the chord to be inverted (the lowest in pitch) and move it up an octave to the end of the chord.
So for a 1st inversion, take the root of the 7th chord in root position from the step above - note B, and move it up one octave (12 notes) so it is the last (highest) note in the chord.
The Three Diminished Chords: Blues, Jazz And Classical
The second note of the original 7th chord (in root position) - note D is now the note with the lowest pitch.
Notation for this chord in 1st inversion is 6/5/3, with the 6 placed above the 5, and the 5 placed above the 3 on a staff diagram.
For example, the 6 represents note B, from the D-6th interval, since the lowest (bass) note of the chord - now inverted, is D.
Learn Piano Chords
In the same way, the figured bass 5 symbol represents note A, from the D-5th interval, and the 3 symbol represents note F, from the D-3rd interval
Notation for this chord in 2nd inversion is 6/4/3, with the 6 placed above the 4, and the 4 placed above the 3 on a staff diagram.
For example, the 6 represents note D, from the F-6th interval, since the lowest (bass) note of the chord - now inverted, is F.
Diminished Guitar Chords: Triads, Half Diminished And Dim 7th
In the same way, the figured bass 4 symbol represents note B, from the F-4th interval, and the 3 symbol represents note A, from the F-3rd interval
Notation for this chord in 3rd inversion is 6/4/2, with the 6 placed above the 4, and the 4 placed above the 2 on a staff diagram.
For example, the 6 represents note F, from the A-6th interval, since the lowest (bass) note of the chord - now inverted, is A.
B Whole Half Diminished Guitar Scale
In the same way, the figured bass 4 symbol represents note D, from the A-4th interval, and the 2 symbol represents note B, from the A-2nd interval
B dim 7, B half-dim7, B min 7, B min-maj 7, B dom 7, B maj 7, B aug 7, B aug-maj 7, B maj 7 sus2, B dom 7 sus4, B maj 7
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